Ethical or Legal - Legal Process outsourcing : Kazim Ali Khan Ma Foi

Benjamin H Brewster once said “lawyer starts 
life giving $500 worth of law for $5, and ends 
giving $5 worth for $500”.  
 Interestingly, F W Taylor father of scientific 
management would have referred the aboveThe following few are some of the clarifications
condition as misalignment of labor, task andsummarized which therefore act as building blocks
rewards system. Normal 0 false false false EN-USin the process of outsourcing legal work:
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table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table1.        Responsibility: Lawyer may
Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;outsource legal or non-legal support services
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes;provided the lawyer eventually responsible for
mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes;providing competent legal services to the client
mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0insince lawyers also engage various parties (including
5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0in;both non-lawyers and lawyers) in servicing clients
mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; 
mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt;2.       Diligence: Ensuring conduct of the
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";}service provider is compatible with professional
 obligations particularly for a distant offshore
Benjamin H Brewster once said “lawyer startslocation.  Important considerations are reference
life giving $500 worth of law for $5, and endschecks/background investigations of lawyer or
giving $5 worth for $500”. non-lawyer providers/intermediaries and if required
 conduct interview, education background vet, site
Interestingly, F W Taylor father of scientificvisits etc
management would have referred the above 
condition as misalignment of labor, task and3.       Client Consent: Written confidentiality
rewards system. A close look would have a fewis advised however depending on the level of
similes between what is called as principles ofsupervision contemplated by the outsourcing
scientific management and the purpose oflawyer, obtaining informed client consent before
outsourcing since both concepts promote divisionengaging outside (offshore or onshore) assistance
of work (specialization), de-skilling of worker andmay be necessary
dehumanization of workplace that are key for 
process excellence in business.  4.       Fees: Reasonability of the fees is
 necessary.  Permission to pass along to the client
Most of us know that virtues of outsourcing arethe costs of using service provider, including
well recognized in the information age today be itreasonable allocation of associated overhead
about exploiting location advantages, gainingexpenses, but without any mark up in any ways
excellence, fostering innovation, accessing new 
markets and so on. Corporations as we recognize5.       Equality: No distinction between
in the process of multiplying value toonshore outsourcing and offshore outsourcing,
shareholder’s wealth, are some wayswith the exception of the level of diligence
demonizing the philosophy ofperformed and background checking
“doing-all-of-it-by-own”, in stepping up 
targeted growth engines. Partnerships are sought6.       Offshore Regulatory Systems:
off shores, new geographies are explored,Comparability of the legal education system with
business models are tested and talents arethat of the U.S., professional regulatory systems
accessed to create significant impact on endearingincorporate equivalent core ethics principles and
value creation for stakeholders.effective disciplinary enforcement systems. In
 addition, legal system protects or sustains client
The subject of outsourcing however, is no newconfidentiality and provides effective remedies to
to us and in the context of India’s growththe lawyer’s client for disputes rising if any
story it is just a remarkable celebration. Thanks 
to the growth India has experienced in ICT,7.       Practicing of Law:  Each of the local
Financial services, R&D etc., in the last decade tobar association opinions addresses this issue, and
become undoubtedly the best destinations forconcludes that the outsourcing of legal services,
outsourcing work in the world.either offshore or onshore, does not constitute
 the unauthorized practice of law since the ABA
Legal process outsourcing (famously known asEthics Committee noted that it lacks authority to
LPO) is today yet another high tide in the ragingexpress an opinion regarding whether any
seas of outsourcing that carries enough currentsparticular service provider is engaging in
with it to sweep away the basic nature of law asunauthorized practice of law
a practice and delivery of legal services worldwide. 
Client’s expectations and needs of8.       Endorsement: Outsourcing is good for
quantum quality in service delivery appear to havethe health of the profession itself
diametrically stretched business processes and 
hence rewriting new corollary in client relationship9.       Catalysts:  ABA is instrumental in
management. Those who are witness to thesenecessarily setting forth clear guidelines has
underlying movements will ascertain that law as aimmensely helped in making Lawyers and
practice seesaws in its content, scope andAttorneys in the U.S., to pursue outsourcing for
criticality particularly when legal/non legal work insignificant advantages
the guise of cost, quality and other strategic 
advantages are shipping out to differentAll such moves and considerations appear to bring
destinations.  On the other hand, the visible fearabout paradigm shifts in the business landscape of
of losing control of the process, shrinking joblegal process outsourcing.  The larger question
profile and risking quality of service are concernsremains to be answered is whether outsourcing
that thwart attorneys and law firms in the USmeans for a professional lawyer in the US to
 and UK from outsourcing work to nations likedecide handing over either his court, the case
India.  brief or the client relationship to the Indian legal
 professional?
Recognizing these imperatives the bar associations 
for instance of Florida, Los Angeles County, New Notes & References
York City, North Carolina and San Diego County, 
which are few significant jurisdictions have1.       elaw forum estimates the total cost
framework of rules and views with ethical andof litigation to be $210b equivalent to one third of
practical considerations. It is noteworthy tothe after tax profit of fortune 500 companies
understand that the rules of ethics and— The Metropolitan Corporate Counsel Feb
professional responsibility are conventionally08
delegated by the courts to the state bar2.       Presently only 3% of the law firms of
associations. The proposed considerations by anythe USA and UK outsource their back office work
state bar are enforceable by the state court into India — Value notes july  09 —
that particular state but in absence of applicableValue notes
statutes, the courts then will look up to bar3.       The India revenues from legal
associations be it local or national for necessaryservices off shoring are slated to grow from
help.  $146 million for the calendar year 2006 to reach
 $640 million by end 2010 — Value notes
The American Bar Association (popularly known4.       The industry employed around 7,500
as ABA) the largest voluntary professionalpeople in the legal off shoring space in India as of
membership organization in the world takesend 2006. The number of employees is expected
practical view of professional obligations andto reach 32,000 by end 2010 — Value
industry imperatives from time to time. Althoughnotes
the ABA Ethics Committee opinions are5.       Estimates that the number of jobs
non-binding, yet they do serve as an importantoutsourced in the legal services area will grow to
guide and provide yardsticks to address issues if35000 by 2010 and up to 79000 by 2015
any.. — Forrester Research
 6.       ABA Formal Op.08-451 (2008), N.Y.C
The landmark opinion was issued last year by theBar Assoc. Formal Op. 2006, San Diego County
Ethics Committee of the ABA and terms likeBar Assoc. Op. 2007-01
jurisdiction, competent representation, layperson,7.       Florida Ethics Op. 07-2; N. C State
client confidentiality, client consent, supervision ofBar, Formal Ethics Op.12, Calif. State Bar Assoc.
non-lawyers, avoid aiding non-lawyers in theFormal Op. 1994-138
unauthorized practices of law, commodity work8.       Colorado Bar Assoc. Ethics Op. 1712
and so on, which have seen various(Same);IL Adv. Op. 98-02
interpretations are dealt under a set of9.       N. Y.
considerations proposed by ABA.